late Mesozoic Found inside – Page 228Farallon plate was being subducted beneath 1989 ) . western North America ... Ma : the Farallon plate was divided and the San a mid - ocean ridge just south ... Approximately 170 million years ago this complex geologic matrix began to be uplifted as the eastern edge of the Nazca Plate was forced under the western edge of the South American Plate (i.e., the Nazca Plate was subducted), the result of the latter plate's westward movement in response to the opening of the Atlantic Ocean to the east. It was subducted beneath California leaving the San Andreas fault system behind as the contact between the North America and Pacific plates. a basic law of geochronology, stating that in any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on top and the oldest on bottom, each layer being younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it. 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